Sound Trakker
Version 1.1
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Distributed by:
Sentinel Software,
41 Enmore Gardens,
East Sheen,
London,
SW14 8RF
SOUNDTRAKKER USER'S MANUAL
[The page numbers in the table of contents below have been replaced with the
corresponding section numbers.]
Introduction ......................................................... 1
Screen structure ............................................. 1.1
Operation in the choose mode ................................. 1.2
Piano- and function keys ..................................... 1.3
Selection of particular options ...................................... 2
The Manual-mode .............................................. 2.1
Setup adjustments .................................................... 3
Transposing songs ............................................ 3.1
Adjusting length of patterns ................................. 3.2
Colour palettes .............................................. 3.3
Instrument-editor ("INS.ED") ......................................... 4
Keys in the instrument-editor ................................ 4.1
Loudness-envelope ............................................ 4.2
Rustle-envelope .............................................. 4.3
Tone-enveope ................................................. 4.4
Repeat functions for instruments ............................. 4.5
The Arpeggio-editor ("ARPEG.ED") ..................................... 5
Keys in the Arpeggio-editor .................................. 5.1
The way of functioning of arpeggios .......................... 5.2
The Pattern-editor ................................................... 6
Keys in the Pattern-editor ................................... 6.1
Structure of pattern positions ............................... 6.2
Effect commands .............................................. 6.3
Value table for hardware envelopes ........................... 6.4
Particularities .............................................. 6.5
Record mode ("RECORD") ............................................... 7
Keys in the record mode ...................................... 7.1
Play a pattern ("PATTERN") ........................................... 8
Keys when playing a pattern .................................. 8.1
The songlist-editor (<TAB>-key) ...................................... 9
Keys in the songlist-editor .................................. 9.1
"LENGTH" and "LOOPTO" ........................................ 9.2
Playing a song ("SONG") ............................................. 10
Keys at playing a Song ...................................... 10.1
Deleting song parts ("CLEAR") ....................................... 11
Deleting all ................................................ 11.1
Deleting only a song ........................................ 11.2
Deleting only instruments ................................... 11.3
Other functions ("OTHER") ........................................... 12
Changing song name ("NAME SONG") ............................ 12.1
Changing instrument name ("NAME INS.") ...................... 12.2
Copying instrument ("COPY INS") ............................. 12.3
Deleting instrument ("CLR INS") ............................. 12.4
Copying Arpepgio ("COPY ARP.") .............................. 12.5
Deleting Arpeggio ("CLR ARP.") .............................. 12.6
About SOUNDTRAKKER ("ABOUT ST") ............................. 12.7
Quit program ("QUIT ST") .................................... 12.8
The disc menu ("DISCOP.") ........................................... 13
Reading the directory ("GET DIR") ........................... 13.1
Loading a song ("LOAD SONG") ................................ 13.2
Saving current song ("SAVE SONG") ........................... 13.3
Deleting a file ("ERASE") ................................... 13.4
Loading an instrument ("LOAD INS") .......................... 13.5
Saving an instrument ("SAVE INS") ........................... 13.6
Switching disc drive ("DRIVE A/B") .......................... 13.7
Disc error .................................................. 13.8
The song-compiler ................................................... 14
List of all song files ...................................... 14.1
Loading a song file ......................................... 14.2
Compiling a song ............................................ 14.3
Saving sound module ......................................... 14.4
Tips & tricks ....................................................... 15
New Age Software gives for the material ingredients of this product a guarantee
for a duration of 12 months beginning with the day of selling to the end user.
This guarantee will be invalid, if the product has been damaged by accident,
improper handling, negligence or other reasons, which are not based on
material- or manufacture-errors.
New Age Software gives no guarantee , that the software and the prints are
totally free from errors or that they meet all requirements of the user. The
user is exclusively responsible for the decisions and the measures, which refer
on the use of the program. All statements to the possible use of the program
are suggestions and are not including the assurance of usefulness for a
specific purpose. It is reserved, that freedom of errors can not be guaranteed.
New Age Software is not liable for escaped use or any other damages, which are
not originated at the product itself. The responsibility of New Age Software is
in every case restricted to the selling price for this product. New Age
Software is not liable for demands of any kind, which are set by third against
users of programs.
The program SOUNDTRAKKER is selled under the condition, that it is only used on
the computer of the buyer. Any copying of the software, the manual or any other
literature belonging to SOUNDTRAKKER - totally or partly - is not allowed. The
buyer engages himself to tell this condition to all the persons, who are
occupied with SOUNDTRAKKER.
SOUNDTRAKKER-songs are permitted to use for commercial purposes only with
permission of New Age Software. Every program, whether commercial or not, which
contents pieces of music made by SOUNDTRAKKER, have to wear the visible note
"MADE BY SOUNDTRAKKER".
1. Introduction
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The SOUNDTRAKKER is a music program for building your own pieces of music and
connecting them to your programs. With the song compiler you are able to
transform these pieces into running programs.
Start the SOUNDTRAKKER with RUN "DISC". After some seconds the title screen
appears, and now you may load the editor itself (key 1) or the song compiler
(key 2). First you should load the editor (the main program).
Every song consists of a "song list" and this itself of 96 positions. A pattern
number and a transposition for this pattern stands on each of these positions.
The patterns (number between 18 and 92) are divided in 3 sound tracks (one for
every sound channel). These tracks are separated in particular positions and
each position in note, octave, instrument and effect command. You can choose
from 16 instruments and 16 so-called Arpeggios. More information about
pattern-editor, song list, instruments and Arpeggios will follow later.
Of course operating with the program and this manual don't expect knowledge
about sound programming, but it could be of help. In every case you have to
work with the program.
Notes in the SOUNDTRAKKER have English specifications: C,C#,D,D#,E,F,F#,G,G#,A,
A# and B. The English note "B" accords to the German "H".
1.1. Screen structure
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Screen outputs and the option names from particular menus are written in
quotation marks (e.g. "EDIT"). The screen in SOUNDTRAKKER is divided in four
different levels:
On the top of the screen is the main state line and the two menu lines (I),
where particular menu items can be chosen and which are only changed by the
options "DISKOP." and "OTHER". Under that is the state window (II), where all
parameters belonging to the song, the current octave, the current instrument
with its name and at the right margin the so-called "Frequency Analyzer" are
shown. The state window is shown everytime. In the operating window (III)
normally one of the three help pages is shown. Then it is used as output window
from all options except "RECORD", "PATTERN", "SONG" and "EDIT". The last one is
the pattern window (IV), in which particular patterns are shown and edited.
I) ------- Main state line -------
DISKOP. CLEAR RECORD PATTERN SONG
INS.ED ARPEG.ED SETUP OTHER EDIT
II) A Sngpos:xx Length:xx Octave:x <--- octave
B Pattrn:xx LoopTo:xx Instr.:x <--- instrument
C Height:xx Delay:xx XXXXXXXX <--- and name
III) Help pages, instrument- and Arpeggio-editor, file selection,
songlist-editor, "SETUP" and "OTHER"- output window.
IV) Pattern window. In the left upper corner stands the current pattern number
for "EDIT", "RECORD" and "PATTERN".
The main state line contents (except in the disc menu) the name of the current
songs and the version number of SOUNDTRAKKER.
With the "Frequency Analyzer" the spectrum of frequency is shown (also Spectrum
Analyzer). For this the spectrum of tones is separated in beams, and each beam
corresponds to half an octave. For the functioning of SOUNDTRAKKER the
"Frequency Analyzer" is not important, but maybe it is quite interesting to
know, how a song "looks like".
1.2. Operation in the choose mode
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In the choose mode (in main menu, at "DISKOP: and "OTHER") particular sub menus
can be chosen with the cursor keys. Special keys as e.g. <SPACE> or <ESC> are
here always shown with '<' and '>', what means that exactly this key is meant.
The cursor keys are named <UP>, <DOWN>, <LEFT> and <RIGHT>. Controlling the
program is only managed by cursor keys, <ENTER> and <SPACE>. All options can be
interrupted or quitted by <ESC>. The big Enter key (Return on CPC 6128) is
named <ENTER> and the small Enter key beside the number keys is <enter>.
The keys <TAB>, <CLR> and <COPY> and also some of the function keys have
different functions in some options. (This depends on the selected option and
will be explained in the belonging part of the manual.)
The repeat function is switched off for all keys except the cursor keys,
<COPY> and <DEL>. If e.g. a cursor key is pressed for a certain time, the
cursor begins to run fast.
1.3. Piano- and function keys
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In order to make constructing songs easier, the notes are laid on the keyboard
in that way that it corresponds to a normal piano keyboard with two manuals.
The lower manual begins here with <Z> for the note C, <S> for C#, <X> for D and
continues up to E of the next octave. The upper manual begins with <Q> (or <A>
on French keyboards) and ends with <P> (note E of next octave). The keys <S>,
<D>, <G>, <H>, <J> and <L> are in that way the black keys of the lower manual.
If for example octave 3 is selected, then the note C-3 lays on the <Z> key and
the note C-4 on <Q>. The same note lays also on the <,> key. So the keys <,>,
<L>, <.>, <:> and </> are connected to the same notes as the keys <Q>, <2>,
<W>, <3> and <E>.
octave n octave n+1
S D G H J L : 2 3 5 6 7 9 0
Z X C V B N M , . / Q W E R T Y U I O P
With the number keys (from now on named function keys or just F-keys) the
following functions may be called: (These functions remain in the whole
program, if there's not mentioned anything else.)
~ <f1> to <f3> switch the respective tone channel on or off. The tone channels
will be shown at the left margin in the state window by the letters A-C. If any
letter is written in bright big letters, the correspondent channel is switched
on. A switched off channel is written in dark small letters.
- <f7> switches to the next pattern (the number stands on the left top of the
pattern window). After the last pattern the pattern number 0 will appear again.
With SHIFT you can jump 8 patterns. This pattern number just refers to "EDIT",
"PATTERN" and "RECORD".
- <f4> switches one pattern back. After pattern 0 the last pattern appears.
Corresponds to <f7>.
- <f8> and <f5> switch one instrument ahead or back. After 0 follows 15 and
vice versa. The name of the instrument, if present, is shown directly under the
number.
- <f9> and <f6> switch one octave up and down. The octaves reach from 1 to 7
for the lower manual resp. 2 to 8 for the upper manual.
2. Selection of particular options
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In the main menu an inverse beam can be steered with the cursor keys to all
directions and over the particular options. With <SPACE> and <ENTER> the
inversely (front- and backcolour are changed) written menu item is activated.
You recognize an active menu item by the somewhat changed inverse
representation (the script has not the backcolour). With <ESC> one can leave
every sub menu to the main menu.
2.1. The Manual-mode
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You are always in the manual mode, if you are in the main menu (see above), if
you can move the choose beam and if no option is active. All manual keys and
the F-keys may be used here. The manual mode suits for testing instruments or
just for struming on the keyboard without changing any patterns. Then the
songlist editor can only be called from the manual mode. For this press the
<TAB>-key. And then it can switched between three help pages with the angular
parentheses (left beside the <ENTER>-key. The help pages can only be switched
in the manual mode and in the pattern-editor.
3. Setup adjustments
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With the option "SETUP" some important setups can be made. With <ESC> the
"SETUP" is left. The transpose-value and the pattern length are saved with the
song and will be re-adjusted automatically while loading. The adjustment of the
particular values is managed with function keys. In the output window you see
the three following lines (standard adjustment):
"TRANSPOSE : +00 f7 to dec f8 to inc"
"PATTERN LEN.: 64 f4 to dec f5 to inc"
"PALETTE : 00 f1 to dec f2 to inc"
3.1. Transposing songs
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If you want to transpose a complete song in another key, use "Transpose". The
transpose-values are counted in half-tone-steps and reach from -12 to +12, so a
song can be transposed by one octave (in both directions) maximum. Even the
note-values on the keyboard are changed by transposing. E.g. If you transpose
+4, the tone on <Z> (note C) will be 4 half-tone-steps higher (note E). The
names of the notes themselves don't change. By transposing the values for
hardware-envelopes (see 6.4) are changed, too.
With <f7> the song will be transposed down by one half-tone-step and with <f8>
one half-tone-step up. The transpose-value will appear immediately at
"TRANSPOSE:".
3.2. Adjusting length of patterns
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The pattern length shows the number of positions of a pattern. It can be 16
minimum and 80 maximum. The normal pattern length is 64. These are 4 whole
notes, because one position represents 1/16 note. The pattern length can be
changed by eight positions at a time (16, 24, 32 and so on).
With <f4> the patterns are shorted by 8 positions and with <f5> they are
expanded by 8 positions. Since always the same memory for patterns is reserved,
the number of patterns is dependent on their length. At a length of 16 there
are 92 patterns (0-91) and at a length of 80 there are 18 patterns (0-17). The
current pattern length is always shown at "PATTERN LEN.:".
Attention: When expanding pattern length it is possible that the song list has
to be changed by the program. You should fix the pattern length at the latest
before installing the song list, because that list could be brought in
confusion by changing the pattern length. The new pattern length will only
activated if "SETUP" is left with <ESC>. So while being in "SETUP" you may
switch pattern length to and fro without changing the song list.
3.3. Colour palettes
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The screen colours (BORDER and INKs) can be chosen to make representation of
the script according to the used monitor (and to the user). There are 7
palettes (0-6), at which the palettes 0-2 are especially good suitable for
green monitors. After loading the SOUNDTRAKKER palette 0 is adjusted, that
allows a good representation on both monitor types.
With the keys <f1> and <f2> you can switch between the colour palettes. The new
palette is visible immediately. The number of the current palette is always
shown at "PALETTE".
4. Instrument-editor ("INS.ED")
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The instruments in SOUNDTRAKKER consist of three so-called envelopes, at which
every envelope fix a certain quality of the instrument. These three envelopes
are the loudness-envelope, the rustle-envelope and the tone-envelope. In this
way you can fix the stroke and the end of the instrument. And with the
tone-envelope vibratos or portamentos can be produced.
When calling the instrument-editor, first an instrument has to be selected. To
select an instrument, enter simply its number (0 to F).
Be sure that the instrument that you edit is adjusted (in the state window),
because this is not done automatically, and otherwise you would hear another
instrument than the edited one.
4.1. Keys in the instrument-editor
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On principle the instrument editor is controlled by cursor keys, at which those
have in connection to <SHIFT> and <CTRL> different functions in particular
envelope-editors. The small arrow in the loudness- and rustle-envelope-editor
is also named cursor from now on.
The instrument-editor is divided in two pages: One for the loudness- and
rustle-envelope, and the other for tone-envelopes. Between these can be
switched by <enter>. On page 1 (loudness- and rustle-envelope) in the bottom
line of the window (from left to right) the number of the edited instrument,
the position for repeat function "REPEAT", the length of repetition "REPLEN"
and the current value are shown below the cursor (in parentheses). "REPEAT" and
"REPLEN" are explained in 4.5.
The following keys have the same function in all three editors:
With <TAB> the value, on which the cursor stands, is stored and put into the
next position of the envelope (the cursor jumps on that position).
With <CLR> the value, on which the cursor stands, is erased.
The <DEL>-key has the same function as <CLR>, but here it is jumped by one
position automatically.
With <enter> you can switch between the two pages of the instrument-editor.
With <ENTER> a new instrument can be chosen. From the tone-envelope-editor it
is switched back to the first page of the instrument-editor.
With <ESC> you may leave the instrument-editor and jump back to main menu.
4.2. Loudness-envelope
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The loudness-envelope fixes the stroke, the end and some other specifications
of an instrument. This envelope is called ADSR-envelope (Attack, Decay,
Sustain, Release). Try yourself once how the sound of an instrument is changing
if loudness doesn't begin with 15 but increases slowly. In this way you will
get a feeling for the way how a certain instrument could be simulated. The
loudness-envelope is the only one that is obligatory in every case in order to
listen to the instrument. On the other hand rustle- and tone-envelopes can be
left empty.
With <LEFT> and <RIGHT> the cursor is moved through particular positions of the
envelope.
The particular values of loudness-envelope are changed with <UP> and <DOWN>.
The values lay between 0 and 15, where 0 means no and 15 full loudness.
With the <SPACE>-key you can switch between loudness- and rustle-envelope, at
which the cursor jumps to the beginning of that envelope.
With <COPY> the current value is masked. This effects that it will be ignored
when playing the instrument. Masked values are shown stroked and in another
colour than normal values. The cursor jumps ahead after masking a position.
<COPY> also deletes the mask of a masked value.
With <SHIFT+UP> resp. <SHIFT+DOWN> all values of the envelope are set up or
down by one. A 15 isn't changed by <SHIFT+UP>, and even a 0 not by
<SHIFT+DOWN>.
With <SHIFT+LEFT> and <SHIFT+RIGHT> the whole envelope is rotated to the left
or right. Values "falling out" at the margin are connected to the other end of
the envelope.
4.3. Rustle-envelope
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With the rustle-envelope effects as e.g. drums or explosions can be simulated.
The values of the rustle-envelope lay between 0 and 31, at which 0 means no
rustle and rustle increases from 1 to 31 (1 is very clear rustle and 31 very
dark).
The key placing in rustle-envelope accords exactly to the loudness-editor,
except that the limit for values is not 15 but 31. Masked values are ignored
here, too.
4.4. Tone-envelope
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The tone-envelope is divided in 4 columns with 8 numbers at a time, and it is
passed through from top left to bottom right. The cursor is here controlled by
all four cursor keys, at which with <UP> and <DOWN> it will be jumped forward
resp. backward by one position and with <LEFT> and <RIGHT> by eight positions
(one column to the left or right).
The values at tone-envelope lay between -4095 and +4095. A zero accords to the
played tone. Negative values mean tone becomes higher and positive values tone
becomes lower.
With <SHIFT+UP> one at a time is added to the value and <CTRL+UP> effects that
16 is added to the value.
With <SHIFT+DOWN> one at a time is subtracted from the value and with
<CTRL+DOWN> 16. If the keys are pressed for a certain time, values are going to
change fast.
With <COPY> the sign is inverted, i.e. negative values become positive and vice
versa. Even here cursor is not moved.
With <enter> you can jump to the first page of instrument-editor.
The keys <CLR>, <DEL>, <TAB> and <ENTER> mean the same as in 4.1.
4.5. Repeat function for instruments
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Every instrument is separated in 32 positions, which are numbered from 0 to 31.
When playing an instrument the particular positions are run through. When the
instrument has played position 31 the last values for loudness and rustle are
retained.
With "Repeat" and "RepLen" you now can jump at the end of the instrument back
to a by "Repeat" fixed position of the instrument. "Replen" fixes how much
positions should be repeated. If "RepLen" stands on 0, the instrument has no
repeat. In the other cases all 32 positions of the instrument are played first
and then the area, that is fixed by "Repeat" and "RepLen", is repeated until a
new note is played. E.g. if you always want to repeat the whole instrument, set
"Repeat" to 0 (first position of the instrument) and "RepLen" to 32 (number of
the positions to repeat).
The repeat function refers to all three envelopes of the instrument, i.e., if
"Repeat" stands e.g. on 12, then it will be jumped in all three envelopes after
position 31 again to position 12. If an Arpeggio is switched on, "Repeat" and
"RepLen"-positions are valid for the Arpeggio (see 5.2).
The setting of "Repeat" and "RepLen" only works on the first page of the
instrument-editor. For this the F-keys are used:
With <f4> one is subtracted from "Repeat" and with <f7> "Repeat" is increased
by one. The "Repeat"-value lays between 0 and 31.
With <f6> one is subtracted from "RepLen" and with <f9> one is added. The
"RepLen"-value lays between 1 and 32 and says how much positions of the
instrument are to be repeated.
If "Repeat" stands e.g. on 8, then "RepLen" couldn't become higher than 24,
because both values mustn't exceed 32, what accords to the number of positions
of an instrument.
Also make sure that there are no too big gaps in the loudness-envelope in that
area, that is repeated.
5. The Arpeggio-editor ("ARPEG.ED")
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In the Arpeggio-editor one of the 16 Arpeggios can be changed. Each Arpeggio
consists of 32 positions and each of these positions may contain values between
-48 and +48. On the screen an Arpeggio consists of 4 columns with 8 lines at a
time. If Arpeggio-editor is called, first the number of the Arpeggio has to be
entered (0-F).
5.1. Keys in the Arpeggio-editor
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The function keys and the manual keys are functioning in the Arpeggio-editor in
the same way as in the manual mode. So you may select instruments, switch the
octave etc. In order to listen to the current Arpeggio, you just have to play
the expected note on the manual keys.
The cursor is moved here by the cursor keys, too. The current value is always
the value at the cursor position.
With <LEFT> and <RIGHT> cursor is moved by one column (=8 positions) at a time
and with <DOWN> and <UP> cursor is moved by one line (=1 position) forward and
backward. If <UP> and <DOWN> is kept, cursor runs through all positions of the
Arpeggio. With <SHIFT+UP> 1 is added to the current value and with <SHIFT+DOWN>
1 is subtracted. The values lay between -48 and +48.
With <DEL> the value at the cursor position is deleted and it is jumped ahead
by one position.
With <COPY> the sign is inverted, i.e. negative values become positive and vice
versa.
With <TAB> the current value is stored, the cursor is set to the next position
and the stored value is put in at the new position.
With <enter> the Arpeggio is filled with those values, which are standing
between the first position in the Arpeggio and the cursor. If <enter> is
pressed now, then from the position behind the cursor there will be always
again the same values as between position 0 and the cursor position. In this
way an Arpeggio can be quickly filled with a certain triad.
With <ENTER> a new Arpeggio can be selected by entering the number (0-F).
For all functions, at which the cursor is moved by one position, is valid, that
the cursor jumps behind the last position (bottom right) again to the first
position (top left).
5.2. The way of functioning of arpeggios
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Arpeggios could be best compared with the tone-envelopes, because they are
functioning in the same way, except that values in the Arpeggio are not entered
in note values but in half-tone-steps and therefore they're not as dependent on
the tone height as the tone-envelopes. (A tone-envelope sounding in low octaves
like a slight vibrato could produce a nasty howling in very high octaves).
If an Arpeggio consists of zeros, the played tone won't be changed. If an
Arpeggio consists of the sequence 0, +4 and +7, the played tone will be played
like a major chord (the keynote itself and the tones laying 4 resp. 7
half-tone-steps higher). An octave is subdivided in 12 half-tone-steps, so that
a tone is played exactly one octave higher by an Arpeggio, which only consists
of +12.
Example: The note C-5 is played with an Arpeggio, which only consists of a
sequence of 0, +4 and +7. So now the notes C (0 half-tone-steps), E (4 hts.
higher than C) and G (7 hts. higher than C) are played fast one after another,
and this sounds like a C major chord. Arpeggio-values are added together not
before the tone-envelope, so that an Arpeggio and a tone-envelope could cancel
each other out. If an instrument in the tone-envelope has a strong vibrato,
this is even transmitted to the Arpeggio.
The repeat function of the instrument played with the Arpeggio is even valid
for the Arpeggio. Therefore you should attend, that the position for repetition
accords to the Arpeggio. E.g. at a triad position 8 would be suitable as
position for "REPEAT", because then the Arpeggio would be repeated without
gaps. For example if an Arpeggio consists of 0, +3 and +7, then '+3' will stand
at the last position (at the very bottom right). '+7' stands at position 8. If
"REPEAT" is on 8 and "REPLEN" on 24, the Arpeggio will restart after '+3' at
the end at '+7' at position 8.
For instrument-editor and Arpeggio-editor it is very simply good to try again
and again.
6. The Pattern-editor ("EDIT")
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The pattern-editor seems to be the most important option in SOUNDTRAKKER,
because all songs are constructed on patterns. Even the pattern-editor is
mainly controlled by the cursor keys. You may steer a cursor through the
refering pattern and its particular voices and enter notes, instrument numbers
or effects. Entering notes is done by the manual (see 1.3); so always this note
is entered, which key you press. Notes could only be put in, if the cursor is
at the beginning of the respective voice. If a note is played, current octave
and current instrument are automatically entered with it. The switching of
instruments or patterns here also works by the function keys.
Moreover the octave ("OCTAVE") and the current instrument ("INSTR."), which are
standing left beside the "Frequency Analyzer", are important for the
pattern-editor. The values standing there are valid for all options ("EDIT",
"RECORD", "INS.ED", "ARPEG.ED") and may be changed almost everytime by the
function keys.
6.1. Keys in the Pattern-editor
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With <UP> and <DOWN> the pattern is scrolled up resp. down, at which the cursor
remains at the middle, bright line. With <SHIFT> you can jump by 8 positions up
or down at a time.
With <LEFT> and <RIGHT> cursor can be moved to and fro between the particular
channels and the positions for note values, octave, instrument number and
effects. With <SHIFT> you can jump forward by a whole channel.
With the keys of the two manuals you may play notes in the pattern everytime.
For this cursor has to be at the first position of a channel. The current
octave and the instrument are always entered with it (the 9th octave can only
be reached, if "OCTAVE" stands on seven and if you play notes by upper manual).
After every input current cursor position is played and possibly it is jumped
forward (see Edit-Skip).
With <TAB> the Edit-Skip can be switched on and off. If Edit-Skip is switched
on, it will be jumped forward by one position after every valid input (note,
instrument, effect or stopper) and afer deleting with <DEL>. If Edit-Skip is
switched off, cursor remains at its position. The Edit-Skip-adjustment is
represented by a small arrow at the left side of pattern-window. An arrow to
the bottom means Edit-Skip is switched on and an arrow to the right means it is
switched off.
With <DEL> the line, on which the cursor is, is deleted (-- 0000). If cursor is
at the number for instrument and effect-commands, just the three numbers for
effects will be deleted. Note value and instrument are kept here. Dependent on
adjustment of "Edit-Skip" it is jumped to the next line.
With <CLR> a 'stopper' is put in (The X-position of cursor doesn't matter). A
stopper is respresented by a R (R- 0000) and switches off when playing the
channel, on which it is. This makes sense, if you have instruments with repeat
function, which you want to switch off at certain positions in the pattern, or
if you want to stop a tone with a hardward-envelope.
With <COPY> the current position of pattern is played and it is jumped to the
next position (Singlestep-mode). This function remains uninfluenced by
Edit-Skip, i.e. with <COPY> it is jumped in every case by one position.
Switched off channels are ignored when playing in the Singlestep-mode.
With <f0> all positions between cursor (inclusive) and end of the voice are
pushed down by one and a blank (-- 0000) is put in at the cursor. Lines laying
behind the end of the voice are going to lose.
With <f-Dot> (decimal point beside number keys) all positions between cursor
(exclusive) and end of the voice are pulled up by one and a blank is added at
the end of the voice. The position under the cursor will be overwritten by the
up-pulled line.
With the keys <1> to <6> and <SHIFT> some buffer functions can be called.
- <SHIFT 1>: The channel is copied to the buffer and then deleted.
- <SHHFT 2>: The channel is copied to the buffer without deleting.
- <SHIFT 3>: The contents of the buffer are copied to the channel. Always this
channel is used, in which the cursor is.
- <SHIFT 4>: The whole pattern is copied to the buffer and then deleted.
- <SHIFT 5>: The whole pattern is copied to the buffer without deleting.
- <SHIFT 6>: The contents of the buffer are copied to the pattern.
Separated buffers for channel- and pattern functions are existing, so that you
may cut out a pattern without overwriting a channel, that you've cut out
before. Moreover the contents of the buffer will remain existing, if you load a
new song or if the whole song is erased with "CLEAR". So the buffers are just
influenced by the according keys in the pattern-editor.
6.2. Structure of pattern positions
───────────────────────────────────
A pattern position consists of four particular components: note, octave,
instrument number and effect command. The column at the very right of the
pattern window contains the numbers of the represented positions. In the three
small windows seven positions of the three voices of the current pattern are
respresented at a time, at which the bright line in the middle is the current
pattern position.
Example:
10 C-4 3F05
│ │ │ ││ └─ parameter (here Arpeggio number) in Hex
│ │ │ │└─── effect-command
│ │ │ └──── instrument number 3
│ │ └────── octave 4
│ └──────── note C-
└────────── position 10 in the pattern
The octave, the instrument and the effect commands can always be changed by
entering a number. For this cursor has to be at the respective position for
octave, instrument or effect. The values for octave lay between 1 and 8, for
instrument numbers between 1 and F. Parameters for effect commands stand at the
last two places of every position.
All parameter values and the instrument number are represented and entered in
hexadecimal form. Therefore you should be used to work in hexadecimal style.
6.3. Effect commands
────────────────────
With effect commands certain effects or functions can be called while playing.
A zero means that no effect is used. Moreover the numbers 2-7 and 9 are unused
(yet). Effect commands behind empty positions (---) are ignored. The particular
command values look like this:
'1': An Arpeggio switched on before (F) or a hardware-envelope (8, A, C or E)
is switched off. This function doesn't need parameters.
'8' or 'C': The entered tone is moduled by a sawlike tone, i.e. a
loudness-envelope looking like a saw is produced by the
envelope-generator. The periode duration of this envelope is changed by
adjusting the parameter value (00-FF). Because of the envelope the tone
doesn't sound like a normal rectangle tone but like a mixture of
rectangle and sawlike tone. Since the parameter value of the envelope
depends on the played note, one must find it out by trying. Nevertheless
a table for parameter values is printed in 6.4.
'A' or 'E': For this function the same is valid than for '8' or 'C', just that
no sawlike tone is used, but a triangle tone.
'B': With the check value 'B' the maximum loudness for the played instrument is
fixed. Standard value is 15 (Hex F), what means that the loudness of the
instrument follows exactly the loudness-envelope. A maximum value of 10
(Hex A) means, that loudness values in the instrument are set down by 5
(15 minus 10). At this parameter value is only of one place. As soon as a
new instrument is played or a new pattern begins, maximum loudness is set
back to standard value (15).
'D': Fixes the duration of 1/16 notes (one pattern position). The duration of
the notes is measured in 1/50 seconds, what means that a 1/16 note with a
delay of e.g. 25 (Hex 19) has a length of 1/2 second. Parameter values
can lay between 2 and 63 (Hex 3F). Delay will only be changed, if a
pattern or a song is played.
'F': An Arpeggio is switched on on the channel. The Arpeggio is switched on,
until a '1', a hardware-envelope or another Arpeggio in this voice is
switched on. Parameter value is of one place. Parameters of one place
(also at 'B') should always be entered with a zero before.
Envelopes and Arpeggios switch them off mutually, i.e. that, if one has had a
envelope on channel C, and then switches on an Arpeggio, then the envelope will
be switched off, and vice versa.
Further more the loudness of hardware-envelope-tones could be influenced
neither by the loudness-envelope of the instrument nor by the effect command
'B', because the loudness is logically fixed by the hardware-envelope. The
average loudness of these tones lay therefore always between 7 and 8.
6.4. Value table for hardware envelopes
───────────────────────────────────────
(All values in hexadecimal form):
Note: C- C# D- D# E- F- F# G- G# A- A# B-
OKT 2+3 78 70 6A 64 60 5A 54 50 4C 48 44 40
OKT 3+4 3C 38 35 32 30 2D 2A 28 26 24 22 20
OKT 4+5 1E 1C 1B 19 18 16 15 14 13 12 11 10
Values between 78-40 are for octave 2, from 3C-20 for octave 3 and 4 and values
1E-10 for octave 4 to 5. Values between 1E and 10 can also be used on octave 2
or 3. Of course values smaller than 10 may be used (for very high tones), but
at tones on octave 2 and 3 values are the best suitable.
These values are only valid, if the song hasn't been transposed. Values become
smaller by transposing upwards and bigger by transposing downwards.
6.5. Particularities
────────────────────
The notes C#9 to E-9 have no tone if they are played, and normally they are
assigned for effects, in which no tone is required. So if only a noise or pure
hardware-envelope-tones shall be produced, then the notes C#9 to E-9 could be
used for this. These note values are only valid, if the song is not to
transpose. If you transpose your song up or down, note values will get out of
place by the same number of half-tone-steps up resp. down at a time (So at a
transposition of -4 it is the tones A-9 to C-9). Notes on the other side of the
last of these tones (E-9 resp. C-9) are invalid and should not be used.
The envelope-generator in the sound-chip is actually assigned for producing
different loudness-envelopes, without that you must take care yourself about
that. Since the periode duration of envelopes is freely programmable, you can
produce tones, which follow the course of one of these envelopes, by
corresponding short periode durations (1 to ca.200). Unfortunately only one
envelope-generator has been installed, which can be laid alternatively on
particular channels.
Thus there is also a limitation when using the envelope-tones: It's impossible
that envelope-tones of different height run on different channels at the same
time. I.e. if you choose a periode time of e.g. 50, then this value is valid
for all channels, on which hardware-envelopes are used. This is because of the
structure of the sound-chip and can't be bypassed. In order to avoid errors in
the songs through that, the channels have been given priority levels. At this
channel A has the lowest and channel C the highest priority.
It is the same thing at rustle-envelopes of particular instruments. Since there
is only one rustle-generator, which could be switched to particular channels,
for tones with rustle are valid the same priority levels as for
hardware-envelopes. This means in detail (if for example on channel A and on
channel C one instrument at a time is played with rustle), that rustle-envelope
of the instrument on channel A is ignored and instead of it rustle-envelope of
channel C is used. Therefore rhythm-sequencies should lay, if possible, on
channel C.
7. Record mode ("RECORD")
──────────────────────────
In the record mode the current pattern is played automatically with the
adjusted delay ("DELAY") and can be edited at the same time. All notes and
effect commands (also 'D') are played immediately. Entered notes, instruments
and effect commands are entered immediately and are played, too. You should,
before recording on a channel with "RECORD", enter a rhythm-sequency on another
channel, because you can then orient yourself at the given measure.
Recording is started not before a key is pressed (not the key, with that you
call the option). If this key is a valid note or another input, it will be
entered immediately. In every case recording is started by pressing a key.
7.1. Keys in the record mode
────────────────────────────
Since the record mode accords to the pattern-editor in most things, key placing
is almost the same. However, not all functions of the pattern-editor are
available.
With <LEFT> and <RIGHT> cursor can be positioned in particular channels.
The function keys are engaged the same as in pattern-editor. Notes, played with
manual keys when the cursor is at the according position, are taken over in the
pattern immediately. Deleting notes or effect commands works here also by
<DEL>. Buffer functions on keys <1> to <6> together with <SHIFT> are not
available here. Recording can be stopped everytime by <ESC>.
8. Play a pattern ("PATTERN")
──────────────────────────────
This option simply plays infinitely the current pattern (the number stands in
the pattern window) with the at "DELAY" shown delay. All effect commands (also
'D') work absolutely normal here.
8.1. Keys when playing a pattern
────────────────────────────────
With <ESC> playing is interrupted and all tones are stopped. At "DELAY" the
last adjusted value is kept.
Function keys have the same engagement as in the pattern-editor. All other keys
have no function. If you switch in the middle of the pattern with <f4> or <f7>
to another pattern, then it will be possible, that a hardware-envelope or an
Arpeggio from the pattern before remains on. Therefore you should, if you
switch while playing, switch always not before the end of a pattern.
9. The songlist-editor (<TAB>-key)
───────────────────────────────────
By the songlist particular patterns are linked to a song. The positions in the
song are numbered from 0 to 95 and each position has one field for the pattern
number and one field for a possible transposing of that pattern. When calling
the songlist-editor it is jumped to the first position (=0) of the song.
In the pattern-field (of two places) stands the number of that pattern, that
should be played at this position. This pattern can then be optionally
transposed by seven half-tone-steps up or down. This transposition stands right
beside the respective pattern number.
9.1. Keys in the songlist-editor
────────────────────────────────
The songlist-editor can only be reached from the manual mode by <TAB>. With
<ESC> it is left again. With cursor keys particular positions of the songlist
are run through.
With <LEFT> and <RIGHT> cursor jumps between pattern-number and transposition
respectively ahead by one position.
With <UP> and <DOWN> cursor jumps by four positions ahead resp. back. If cursor
reaches the top line or the bottom line, it will be scrolled, if possible, by
32 positions ahead resp. back. Current position ("SNGPOS") and also its
contents ("PATTERN" and "HEIGHT") are shown in the state window.
With <SHIFT+UP> and <SHIFT+DOWN> the value under the cursor is adjusted. The
maximum pattern number depends on the length of the patterns and lays between
17 and 91. Transposition of pattern reaches from -7 to +7 (in half-tone-steps).
With <CTRL+UP> and <CTRL+DOWN> pattern number is adjusted in steps of ten at a
time. "HEIGHT" can only be adjusted with <SHIFT>.
With <f7> and <f8> song is shortened resp. lengthened by one position (see 9.2,
"LENGTH").
With <f4> and <f5> the position for "LOOPTO" is moved ahead or back (see 9.2,
"LOOPTO").
With <f1> and <f2> the delay of the song is adjusted. This lay between 2 and 63
(see 6.3, effect command 'D').
With <SHIFT+RIGHT> all positions inclusive that one under the cursor are moved
back by one and a blank is inserted under the cursor. If a position exceeds 95,
it will be lost.
With <SHIFT+LEFT> all positions behind the cursor are pulled ahead by one and
at this the current position is overwritten. At the end of the songlist
(position 95) a blank is inserted. The song length isn't changed by
inserting/overwriting.
With <ENTER> that position, on which the cursor is, is marked as the last in
the song and ("LENGTH") is set accordingly.
9.2. "LENGTH" and "LOOPTO"
──────────────────────────
The song length ("LENGTH") fixes, how many song positions are played, before
song starts again. Minimum length is 1 and maximum length 96. Inside this
length any pattern with any transpositions can be played. When saving songs it
is only saved up to the biggest pattern number being between position 0 and the
last position of the song.
It is normally jumped back, if the last position of the song has been played,
to position 0. With the loop-position can now be chosen, at which position the
song is to restart. "LOOPTO" can be one smaller at the most than "LENGTH" (so
0-95).
10. Playing a song ("SONG")
───────────────────────────
The song is played from the current position ("SNGPOS"). If this is bigger than
fixed at "LENGTH", the song will be played from the beginning (position 0).
When the fast position has been played, song is repeated according to the
loop-position (see 9.2).
If <SHIFT> is pressed while calling "SONG" with <SPACE> or <ENTER>, then
position will be set on 0, so the song is played from the beginning.
If "DELAY" is set on 2 while playing, "Frequency Analyzer" will be switched
off, i.e. it is 'freezed' (also at "RECORD" and "PATTERN"). This is no program
error, but the reason is, that at a delay of 2 pattern position has to be
increased 25 times in a second and therefore there's no time to call the
"Analyzer" every 1/50 second. IF "DELAY" is set back to a value bigger than 2,
Analyzer will work again, too.
10.1. Keys at playing a song
─────────────────────────────
With the function keys <f1> to <f3> particular channels may be switched on and
off (see 1.3).
With <ESC> "PLAY" is stopped and all tones are switched off. The current
position "SNGPOS" and "DELAY" are kept.
11. Deleting song parts ("CLEAR")
─────────────────────────────────
In the option "CLEAR" fixed parts of the memory can be deleted. The output
appears in the output window. Here are the particular options: <A> to delete
all, <S> to delete the song and <I> to delete the instruments. With <ESC>
"CLEAR" is left.
11.1. Deleting all
───────────────────
If <A> is pressed, the whole memory will be deleted. That is: all instruments,
all Arpeggios, the song name, the instrument names, the songlist and all
patterns.
11.2. Deleting only a song
───────────────────────────
If <S> is pressed, just the song, i.e. all patterns and the songlist with all
belonging parameters (song length, transpose, "LoopTo"-position etc.) will be
deleted.
11.3. Deleting only instruments
────────────────────────────────
If <I> is pressed, all instruments with their names and all Arpeggios will be
deleted.
If at the security check any other key than <Y> is pressed, "CLEAR" is left
without deleting anything.
12. Other functions ("OTHER")
─────────────────────────────
In the option "OTHER" song- and instrument names can be changed and particular
instruments and Arpeggios can be deleted or copied. Every operation can be left
with <ESC> instead of an input.
With cursor keys the wanted option can be selected (see 1.2). With <ESC>
"OTHER" is left again and it's jumped back to main menu. An active option is
marked, as in main menu, by a changed inverse representation.
12.1. Changing song name ("NAME SONG")
───────────────────────────────────────
Here a new name for the song can be entered. For this all characters from A-Z,
the numbers from 0-9 and the '-'-character are allowed. With <ENTER> the
entered name is taken over and with <ESC> the option is interrupted and the old
name is kept. This name is used even for saving the song.
12.2. Changing instrument name ("NAME INS.")
─────────────────────────────────────────────
After entering the instrument number (0-F or <ESC>) the new name for the
selected instrument may be put in. The key placing is the same as at changing
song name. If at the name entering <ENTER> is pressed directly, the song resp.
the instrument has no name (=8 blanks).
12.3. Copying instrument ("COPY INS")
──────────────────────────────────────
First the number of that instrument, that is to copy, must be entered. After
entering the number of the destination instrument (COPY TO) it is copied to the
destination instrument. At this the old destination instrument is overwritten,
but its name is kept.
12.4. Deleting instrument ("CLR INS")
──────────────────────────────────────
After entering the instrument number the belonging instrument is deleted (all
values of the envelopes, "REPEAT" and "REPLEN" are set on 0). The instrument
name is unchanged.
12.5. Copying Arpeggio ("COPY ARP.")
─────────────────────────────────────
As at "Copying instrument" first the source- and destination-numbers of the
Arpeggios must be entered.
12.6. Deleting Arpeggio ("CLR ARP.")
─────────────────────────────────────
The Arpeggio will be deleted after entering the number (all values will be set
on 0).
At the options 12.3 to 12.6 there's no security check. As soon as the
destination number resp. the number of the instrument or Arpeggio to be deleted
is entered, the operation is executed. But these options can also be
interrupted with <ESC> instead of a number.
12.7. About SOUNDTRAKKER ("ABOUT ST")
──────────────────────────────────────
Here a copyright information, the version number of SOUNDTRAKKER and your
personal serial number is shown.
12.8. Quit program ("QUIT ST")
───────────────────────────────
With this option computer can be reset after a security check, if the reset by
<CTRL+SHIFT+ESC> has been blockaded.
13. The disc menu ("DISCOP.")
─────────────────────────────
The disc state line, which contents the following, is in the top line:
- "DRIVE" (A or B) is the current disc drive
- "SONGS" is the number of songs found in the current directory
- "INSTRS" is the number of found instruments
- "K free" shows, how much free space is on the disc yet.
In the disc menu are the following options:
GET DIR LOAD SONG SAVE SONG ERASE
LOAD INS SAVE INS DRIVE A DRIVE B
These options are reached and activated the same way as in main menu. With
<ESC> disc menu is left and it is jumped back to main menu.
13.1. Reading the directory ("GET DIR")
────────────────────────────────────────
With "GET DIR" the directory of the current drive (state line DRIVE) is loaded.
That is examined on songs (.SNG) and instruments (.INS), and the number of
found songs resp. instruments is shown in the state line (xx SONGS xx INSTR.).
Ultimately the free disc space (xxx K free) is shown. Now the directory of the
laid-in-disc is as long in the memory, until GET DIR is called again. "GET DIR"
has always to be called, if a new disc is put in.
13.2. Loading a song ("LOAD SONG")
───────────────────────────────────
Here, as in main menu, an inverse beam for chosing the song to load can be
controlled by cursor keys. If there are no songs on the laid-in-disc, "LOAD
SONG" will not be activated. If there are more than 32 songs on the disc, then
you can switch with <TAB> between the first 32 and the other (up to 32) names.
With <ESC> the option is stopped without loading anything. With the <SPACE>- or
the <ENTER>-key the chosen song is loaded. If there is already a song in
memory, that song will be totally overwritten by the new loaded song!
13.3. Saving current song ("SAVE SONG")
────────────────────────────────────────
The song in memory is completely saved (with the name in the main state line).
Completely means, that all instruments, all Arpeggios, the songlist and the
values for transpose, pattern length, song length, "LoopTo"-position and all to
the song belonging patterns are saved.
Only that patterns belong to the song, which are inside of the songlist. If
e.g. the biggest pattern number in the song is 7, all patterns from 0 to 7
inclusive will be saved. All the other patterns will not be saved. Therefore
only that place on the disc is used that is really needed by the song. If you
want to save all patterns, you must enter the biggest pattern number the
possible on the last position of the song.
After saving the song GET DIR is called automatically.
13.4. Deleting a file ("ERASE")
────────────────────────────────
With this option the current song or a selected file can be deleted from disc.
With <ESC> you can quit anytime. First you have to enter, whether you want to
delete the current file from disc, or whether you want to enter a filename.
With <S> the .SNG-file with its name is deleted from the state line and with
<E> you can enter any filename to delete.
If <Y> is pressed during the security check, file will be erased. With any
other key the option is quitted.
13.5. Loading an instrument ("LOAD INS")
─────────────────────────────────────────
The selection of instrument works in the same way as at "LOAD SONG". If there
are no instruments on the disc, "LOAD INS" will not be activated. In all other
cases the instrument can be selected from disc. When the instrument has been
loaded, you must enter that number of the instrument, in which the new loaded
instrument is to copy. If instead of a number <ESC> is pressed, the option is
quitted. If the selected instrument is occupied yet, it is completely
overwritten by the new one.
13.6. Saving an instrument ("SAVE INS")
────────────────────────────────────────
After putting in the number of the instrument to load instrument is saved with
its name. If the name is not correct (beginning with blanks or points) an error
message is put out and saving is stopped.
13.7. Switching disc drive ("DRIVE A/B")
─────────────────────────────────────────
With "DRIVE A" or "DRIVE B", the current drive for operations with disc is
adjusted. Normally drive A is switched on. If the drive is switched, "GET DIR"
has to be called before loading songs or instruments from that drive.
13.8. Disc error
─────────────────
If an error appears at any disc operation, an according error message will be
put out ("DRIVE x: Error"). You should know most of the errors from AMSDOS.
There are the following error messages:
- "NOT READY": This error appears often, if you have two disc drives, and you
take out the disc in drive A while loading or saving on B. The reason is
the internal organization in the controller, which has only one common
READY-input for both disc drives.
- "DISC MISSING": There's no disc in the drive.
- "WRITE PROTECTED": The laid-in-disc is write-protected.
- "DISC FULL": There is no empty space on the disc yet.
- "DIRECTORY FULL": The directory of the disc can't take up any more entries.
- "FILE NOT FOUND": The selected file hasn't been found. This error appears, if
you want to load a file from another disc than that, which has its
directory in the memory.
- "DISC CORRUPT": The disc has any write-/read-error. You should save no more
files on that disc, but use another one and try to repair the defective
disc with any disc monitor.
- "NO ST-FILE!": The file, that is to load, hasn't been saved with
SOUNDTRAKKER. This error could appear, if you try to load a file, that
even has .SNG or .INS as extension but that is not descended from
SOUNDTRAKKER.
You should repair the respective error (delete write-securing, lay in an empty
disc etc.), and then either try to repeat the option with <R> (for retry), or
to quit the operation with <C> (for cancel). All other keys except <R> and <C>
are not allowed (also not <ESC>).
14. The song-compiler
─────────────────────
The song-compiler is started from the loader with <2>. You should attend, that
you reset the computer totally, before starting the compiler. With the
song-compiler it is possible at first to compile SOUNDTRAKKER-songs to
independent programs, so-called sound-modules. There are two kinds of
sound-modules: the interrupt-controlled and the so-called raw-modules, which
are totally independent and which run without operating system.
The screen in the compiler is separated in three windows, which are divided by
a line of subtraction-characters. In the upper window the selection of
particular options takes place. In the middle window all inputs (names for
loading and saving) and the adjustment for the compiler (start adress, kind of
module etc.) are made. In the lower window the results of the compiling (length
of the module, jump adresses etc.) are shown.
The selection of menu items here also works by cursor keys and <SPACE> or
<ENTER>. All options can be stopped by <ESC>. If an option is called, one will
recognize that because of the somewhat changed inverse representation (see
1.2). The option "COMPILE SONG" can be activated not before a valid
SOUNDTRAKKER-song has been loaded and the option "SAVE MODULE" can be activated
not before a song has been compiled.
14.1. List of all song files
─────────────────────────────
Here a list of all songfiles on the laid-in-disc is shown. The refering drive
is normally A, but can be changed at "LOAD SONG" (see 13.2). For the output of
songfiles the two lower windows are used.
If there are no songs on the laid-in-disc, the message 'No songs on this disk'
will be given out. Otherwise all song names (without extensions) together with
the information, how much free space there is on the disc yet, are given out.
After pressing any key this list disappears. So the songs are not selected by a
beam, but simply by entering the name.
14.2. Loading a song file
──────────────────────────
If a song shall be compiled, it will have to be loaded first of course. In the
middle window the input line for the songname appears: FILENAME: A:
xxxxxxxx.SNG.
A: is the current drive and "xxxxxxxx" is the songname.
Now the name can be entered with the keyboard. Valid characters are all
letters, the digits from 0-9 and the subtraction character ('-').
With <DEL> errors can be corrected and with <ENTER> input is completed and the
song is loaded. With the <ESC>-key input is quitted.
With <TAB> you can switch between drive A and B. The drive, that is entered
here, is also valid for "DIR. OF SONGS" and "SAVE MODULE".
After loading the song the name is given out in the lower window and the option
"COMPILE SONG" can be activated.
14.3 Compiling a song
──────────────────────
- Selecting module-type
First the kind of module must be entered. Here <I> has to be pressed for a
interrupt- and <R> for a raw-module. With <ESC> the process is quitted. All
other keys are invalid.
When the module-type has been selected, the start adress (the first adress in
memory, which shall be used by the module) of the module can be adjusted. This
happens by the cursor keys:
- Adjusting start adress
With <UP> and <DOWN> the start adress is changed in one-steps, with <SHIFT+UP>
and <SHIFT+DOWN> the adress is changed in 16-steps (Hex 10) and with
<CTRL+UP> and <CTRL+DOWN> adress is changed in 256-steps (Hex 100). Behind
&FFFF comes 0 and vice versa.
The current adress is always given out behind "Set startadress:". If a new song
is compiled, here will stand first always 4000 resp. 16384 (the lowest adress
valid for both module types). While compiling all memory adresses are given out
in hexadecimal style. The according decimal adresses are given out in
parentheses directly behind the Hex-adress.
When the desired memory adress is adjusted, compiling is started with <ENTER>
or is quitted with <ESC>.
Attention ! Interrupt-modules can only lay between &4000 and &A1FF.
Interrupt-routines below &4000 and above &BFFF are not possible because of the
operating system. Since interrupt-modules are mainly assigned for
BASIC-programs, they mustn't begin above &A200, because otherwise important
memory space for BASIC could be overwritten. If nevertheless an adress for an
interrupt-module outside the allowed area is adjusted, the option will be
stopped after <ENTER> with an error message.
If everything is o.k., now the song will be compiled. Below the adjusted start
adress "Compiling" is given out. Since the compiler works in several steps, one
point is given out after every step behind "Compiling". When six points are
given out, the song is compiled.
Since the whole song is run through several times, it's possible that there is
a duration of some seconds between particular points. This is no error, but it
is based on the fact, that the compiler compares each voice with the other ones
in order to recognize equal voices in different patterns and to save memory
space in this way. So be a little bit patient please.
- After compiling
After compiling all adresses, which are important for the module, are given out
in the lower window. In dependence on the module-type there are:
a) at interrupt-modules:
(N is the start adress of the module and L the length)
- The length of the module in byte (L)
- The last adress used by module (N+L-1)
- The adress to start the song (N+0)
- The adress to stop the song (N+2)
With CALL N the interrupt is started and the song is played from the beginning.
If you want to play the song from the beginning again, you must first switch
off the interrupt with CALL N+2 and then switch on with CALL N again.
The interrupt-modules are dependent on the operating system. If you have
loading- or saving-operations in your program, you should switch off the
interrupt by CALL N+2 before !
b) at raw-modules:
- The length of the module in byte (L)
- The last adress used by module (N+L-1)
- The adress to initialize the song (N+0)
- The adress of the "Play loops" (N+3)
- The adress to switch off the tones (N+6)
With CALL N the pointers in the song are reset and the soundchip is
pre-initialized. This routine must be called once by all means, before the song
is played. With CALL N+3 a piece of the song is played. This routine must be
called 50 times a second, in order that the song sounds the same way as in
SOUNDTRAKKER. If it is called essentially oftener or rarer, the whole song, the
instruments and Arpeggios will run faster resp. slower.
With CALL N+6 registers 7-10 of the soundchip are reset and tone generators are
switched off in this way.
The song can be reset everytime with CALL N. If you want to run a song together
with your own sound effects, then those have to be called directly after
CALL N+3 in order not to be suppressed by the sound.
14.4. Saving sound module
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When a song has been compiled, the module can be saved now. For this the input
line appears again: FILENAME: A: xxxxxxxx.BIN. However, the extension here is,
in contrast to "LOAD SONG", not ".SNG" but ".BIN". With <ESC> option is quitted
and with <ENTER> module is saved.
The module is always saved from adress &0100 on. The real loading adress stands
in the entry of the song. You should write down the memory adress of the song
(=N at 14.3). In order to load the module now from BASIC to the right adress, N
must be entered at loading (LOAD"NAME.SNG",N) by all means, because otherwise
the computer would try to load the module to &0100, what wouldn't be possible
in BASIC.
Example: You have compiled your module to &3000 and it has a length of &0B52
byte. When you have saved this and you give out the header with any program, it
will appear:
Loading adress: &0100 (or start adress)
Length : &0B52 (or end adress (=loading adress+length))
Entry : &8300 (or auto start adress)
But the real start adress is not &0100 but &8300.
15. Tips & tricks
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Sometimes it is possible, that you have switched off a sound channel without
noticing it. You should attend to that when you are using the instrument- or
Arpeggio-editor, because the tones in the manual mode are always given out to
that channel, that has been used in the pattern-editor the last time.
If a normally compiled song is longer than you like to have it, you should try
the following:
Halve the pattern length (from 80 to 40 or from 64 to 32). You have then to
write the songlist again. By halving the pattern length the compiler can
examine the song in smaller steps on equal voices in the patterns and in this
way delete any double voices.
SOUNDTRAKKER has been programmed by Oliver Mayer.
(C)1992 by New Age Software